노예 무역 지도, 그리고 Maroon문화

Transatlantic Slave Trade 

At least 10 million Africans landed in the Americas 
during the four centuries in which the Atlantic slave trade operated. 
Most of theslaves came from West Africa, 
especially the Gold Coast (now Ghana) an the Bight of Biafra (now Nigeria).
Angola, in southern Africa, was also an important source area.

 

출처 : Globalization and Diversity - Geography of a Changing World(4th) - Pearson(2014) - 154page

 

 

Maroon societies Communities of runaway slaves
—termed maroons in English, palenques in Spanish, and quilombos in Portuguese—
offer interesting examples of African cultural diffusion across the Atlantic.
Hidden settlements of escaped slaves existed wherever slavery was practiced.
While many of these settlements were short-lived,
others have endured and allowed for the survival of African traditions,
especially farming practices, house designs, community organization, and language.
The maroons of Suriname still show clear links to West Africa.
Whereas other maroon societies gradually blended into their local populations,
to this day the Suriname maroons maintain a distinct identity.
Six tribes formed, ranging in size from a few hundred to 20,000 (Figure 5.19).
Living relatively undisturbed for 200 years,
these rain-forest inhabitants fashioned a rich ritual life for themselves,
involving prophets, spirit possession, and witch doctors.
Recently, pressures to modernize and extract resources
have placed Suriname’s maroons in direct conflict with the state and private business.

 

 

 

 

 

 

National Geographic - 2022.03

 

 

 

 

Figure 5.19 Maroon Village in Suriname
A Maroon woman carries a pail of water to her home in the village of Stonuku, Suriname.
Maroon communities existed throughout the Caribbean as slaves ran away from plantations
and formed villages in remote locations.
The maroon communities in Suriname still retain many African traditions.

 

출처 : Globalization and Diversity - Geography of a Changing World(4th) - Pearson(2014) - 154page

 

 

 

suriname, Native Maroon Village (1920s)

 

 

The African Diaspora

실선 : Major Islamic trade routes for African slaves (7th–19th centuries CE)

점선 : Major European trade routes for African slaves (16th–19th centuries CE)

 

Cultures In Motion - Mapping Key Contacts And Their Imprints In World History (2001) 예일대출판부 - 67page