울루루(Uluru)형성 과정

<출처 : NASA>

<출처 : NASA>

출처 : Living Physical Geography by Bruce Gervais (2015) - 594page

,출처 : Visualizing Geology (3rd) (2012) - 195page

This series of diagrams illustrates the formation of Uluru, seen here (d) in an aerial view.
Around 550 million years ago, 
the strata of the area were folded and buckled during a tectonic event
called the Petermann Ranges Orogeny. 

The high mountain ranges that resulted underwent rapid erosion (Figure e).
The sediment that washed down the mountain slopes created alluvial fans (Chapter 8),
and a remnant of one of these fans eventually became Uluru.

By about 500 million years ago, the area was covered by a shallow sea (Figure f).
The sediment in the alluvial fan was covered by sand and marine mud,
and it eventually became compacted and cemented into a sedimentary rock called arkose.

Between 400 and 300 million years ago,
the region again underwent folding and fracturing, during the Alice Springs Orogeny (Figure g).
The rocks that eventually became Uluru were tilted to an almost vertical position
(as shown in Figures d and g), and the whole area was raised above sea level. 

The surrounding sandstones eroded rapidly,
leaving the more resistant arkose of Uluru
as the visible tip of a much larger rock stratum that extends far beneath the ground (Figure h).