필리핀 민다나오의 이슬람

Marawi, a city of about 200,000 people in the southern Philippines, 

is in ruins nearly a year and a half after the battle with Islamic State-linked militants ended. 

The rebuilding of the city has been slow and difficult, leaving many residents in temporary shelters. 

Making a success of autonomy is seen as a crucial step toward peace.

<출처 : Wall Street Journal - 2019.01.19>

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필리핀 지역별 경제 불평등 및 필리핀까지의 이슬람 전파 경로

출처 : Atlas of World Religions by Tim Dowley (2016) Fortress Press - 117page

In South-east Asia, the introduction of Islam is linked to trade, 

which was controlled by the Arabs from the 12th to 15th centuries. 

After this, the Portuguese commenced global trading.

From the 14th century, local rulers in South-East Asia converted to Islam. 

Within two centuries almost the entire region had been Islamized. 

By the mid-15th century Malacca had become the chief trading-centre 

for South-east Asia and main centre for the spread of Islam, 

which came to be identified with the state and its main language, Malay.

The embracing of Islam by the rulers of Malacca 

encouraged the emergence of similar sultanates elsewhere on the Malay Peninsula

and farther afield in Jolo, Ternate, and Tidore.

However there is also evidence of conversions to Islam 

in Sumatra and elsewhere earlier than 1400 ce. 

A fragment of inscription from the east coast of the Malay Peninsula – the ‘Trengganu Stone’ –

appears to show a ruler pronouncing the primacy of Islamic law, 

and has been dated to between 1302 and 1387.

Mass conversion in this area was the result of the missionary activities by Sufi orders; 

political opportunism and obedience to the Muslim sultans; 

old and repeated contact with Muslim traders; 

and, after the arrival of Christian missionaries with the Portuguese, 

a revival of Islamic proselytism.

Today, Islam is the most widely practised religion in this region. 

It is the official religion of Malaysia and Brunei, 

and its adherents form a majority of the population 

in both those countries as well as of Indonesia.