Fig. 3. Conceptual models of WIS groundwater and water routing.
(A to C) Thick sediments that contain groundwater that increases in salinity with depth at both (A) SLW and (B) WGZ are persistent throughout (C) WIS.
We attribute the vertical salinity gradient to paleo seawater mixing with contemporary basal meltwater. Low-salinity groundwater in subÐocean cavity sediments (Fig. 2D) indicates that groundwater flows laterally across the grounding line and enters the ocean as SGD.
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